High voltage fuse



June 22, 1937. G, B, MANGAN. A Rye. '20,420

" HIC-H VOLTAGE FUSE original Filed May 1929 1 Fig. Z.

ge' B. Mangan v Reesued June 22, 1937 UNITED ,STATES vlOFFICE- *wr l GMLM Westinghouse Electric a; Manuhcturing Com:- t pany, a corporation of Pennsylvania A Orlginal No. 1,955,138, dated April 17, 193,4, Se-

- rial N0. 366,275 Ml! 27, 1929.

Application for reime septemberio, laas, ser-n1 No. 40,001

'216mm (ci. zoo-121) My invention relates to electrical fuses yand particularly to fes of the high-voltage expulsion type.

One object of my invention is to provide a fuse 5 of the above-mentioned class that shall be open or adapted vto be-opened at both of its ends for the escape of heated metal and gases, which are produced when the fuse is ruptured.

As name and hot molten particles were thrown l to considerable distances by vfuses of thistype,

as heretofore employed. I they were limited, in their application, to outdoor` service and then only to applications inywhich damage would not result to adjoining apparatus or ,to workmen in the 15 vicinity thereof.

In practicing my invention, I provide -an exv'pulsion fuse that may open at one or at both 30 ground and between adjoining apparatus, andthe `arc will notrestrlke after having once been extinguished. Y

It is, therefore, another object of my invention tov provide an enclosure over each end of,I the 35 expulsion tube that shall receive the products of fusion and shall4 cool and deio'nlze the gases associated therewith.

Itis a further object of my invention to provide a shield, preferably of metal, although other 40 materials may be employed, for ,directing the gases away from the supporting terminals, in a fuse of the above-mentioned type, and comprising a barrier for directing the gases away from the terminals and the supporting structure and 45 for aiding in cooling and deionizing them.

It is a still further object of my ,invention to provide a hingedcap over one end of my device when, under certain conditions, the lower opening only is employed, that shall act as a safety 50 device to permit the gases to escape and to close the opening thereafter.

With these principles and objects in mind, my invention will best be understood by referring to the following description and the drawing', wherethe end cover and products of fusion and to par-A Flgure 1 is an elevational view, partly in sec--V tion, showing a fuse structure embodying my invention; l

Fig. 2 is a view, in elevation, of a device similar to vthat shown in Fig. 1,-the upper catching device being omitted. A

My invention comprises, in general, a base I,

upon which the insulating supporting members l 2 and l are mounted, having clips l and 8 on their outer ends to support the fuse mechanism and to connect itin an electrical circuit that is associatedwith the said clips.

The fuse mechanism 8 comprises an insulating tube 1 having open or releasably sealed terminals 8 and 8 mounted on its ends in such manner as to be engaged by the clips 4 and 5 of the supporting members 2 and 8. 'Ihe releasable sealsfor terminals 8 and 8 may comprise a cap 28, shown in Fig. 2.

A fusible element I8 and a flexible conductor II are positioned within the tube 1 and are clamped by means of the ferrules I2 and. I8, in`

electrical engagement with the terminals 8 and 8.

A receptacle I4 includes a cup-shaped member I5 mounted on a support I8 adjacent, but preferably in spaced relation to the lowerl end of the fuse `tube 'I. P'erforations4 II in the side walls of the cup I5 are employed to cool and deionize the .conducting gases ejected into the cup I5 as they pass out therethrough. The fused remains of the element Ill and the conductor II that are ejected along with the gases, are caught by the cup I5 and are retained thereby.

A shield I8 on the terminal .8 extends over the receptacle I4 and is employed to direct the gases downwardly away from the clip I. A- metal screen I9 is provided between the catching device II andthe shield I8 to cool and deionize the gases that' pass outwardly through the former.-

A metal screen 2| closes the lower end of the shield I8 and is employed to finally cool and cle-- ionize the gases that pass through it.

A structure similar to that described and here shown on the lower portion of the fuse tube may beemployed on the upper opening. Such a construction readily adapts itself to horizontal or angular mounting, as Well as to the vertical mounting shown in the drawing. I have shown, however, an enclosing structure of a somewhat different type that may be substituted for the one just described when it is desired to reduce the space above the fuse structure to a minimum, or to protect the interior portionsY thereof vvfrom the elements.

An inverted metal cup 22 encloses thc upper in engagement with the shield Il to prevent thev end of the tube I and is supported by afmember 23 on the terminal l.` A target Il is mounted directly opposite the opening in the end of the tube against which any ejected material may be blown. A screen 25 closes the lower portion of the cut to catch the ejected particles and to cool and deionize the gases passing therethrough.

In order` to prevent the gases from being deionize that portion of the gases coming into contact therewith or with the shield 26 to thereby preventha flash-over between the terminals l and I.

IZlhe enclosing members, in both instances, are mounted upon the terminals l and l so that the entire structure will. be supported in operating condition through engagement'with the supporting clips 4 and l. The tube 1 may be provided with an eye-ring 2l to be engaged' by a hook-stick (not shown) to constitute a means of removal of the fuse structure from the supporting clips l and l in order that it may be examined and the fusible element Il renewed.

In some applications, where head room is not restricted, it may be desirable to cheapen the structure by omitting the upper deionlzing and receiving device. 'For such service, I have provided a hinged cap Il. as shown in Fig. 2, that is supported by a hinge Il to enclose the upper end of the terminal I. A spring 32 is associated with the hinge Il to normally hold the cap 2l in closed position. 'Ihe amount of pressure exerted by the spring v32 to close the cap 2l is `such that the cap may operate as a safety device to be opened by the pressure developed within the tube l after it reaches a predetery mined degree.

Heretofore, fuses have been provided, in certain instances, with safety caps that were blown from the end of the tube when the pressure reached a predetermined degree. Such structures provedv to be unsatisfactory because of the accumulation of rain and moisture within the tube after the cap had been blown free. In practicing my invention, I overcome this objection by providing a cap that is retained over the opening of the fuse tube after having been blown open to permit the escape of the gases.

The deionization that I accomplish ,through deionizing means such as screens Il. 2l and 2l and perforations Il and the surfaces -of the plates II and 21, has been described and claimed by Joseph Blepian in his Patent No. 1,819,307,

'granted August 18, 193i, and assigned to the` still further novelty of my invention is the provision of an enclosing cap for one end of a doubleend fuse that may be opened by the increased pressure ydeveloped within the mechanism but has a biasing means for returning it to its closed position.

While I have described and illustrated a single embodiment -oi my invention,lit is to be understood that it is merely by way of illustrating the broad principle of myV invention and that many changes, additions and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Therefore, I desire that the appended claims shall be limited only to the degree made necessary by the prior art.4

I claim as my invention: Y

1. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fusible element therein, terminals on both ends of the tube in contact with the fuse element to form electrical connection therewith and a perforated metal cup adjacent to an end of the tube and in spaced relation to the adjacent .end of the tube and to the terminal thereon.

2. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fusible element therein, supports for both ends of the tube, terminals on bot-h ends oi the vtube in contact with the fuse element and with the supports to form electrical connection therewith and a perforated metal cup adjacent to each end of the tube and in spaced relation to the adjacent end'of the tube and to the terminal'thereon. y

3. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fuse element therein, supports for both f ends of the tube, terminaison both ends of the tube in contact with the fuse element and with lthe suppoitsfto form electrical connection therewith, a perforated metal cup adjacent to each `end of the tube in spaced relation thereto and a shield enclosing the cup and having means for deionizing the arc gases.

4. An expulsion-type 4full: including a tube having a fuse element supports for both ends of the tube, on both ends of the tube in contact with the fuse element and with the supports to form electrical connection therewith, a cup adjacent to each end of the tube in spaced relation thereto, a shield enclosing one cup having means for deionising the arc gases andv a metal barrier between the ends of the tubel and adjacent the other cup for directing the escaping gases away from the region between the terminals and to ensure rapid cooling and deionlzation thereof. 5. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fuse element within it.. supports for both ends of the tube, terminals on both ends of the tube in contact with the fuse element and with the supports to form electrical connection therewith. a cup adjacent to one end of the tube in spaced relation thereto, a shield enclosing the cup and va metal screen ,closing the shield. l

8. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fuse element within it, supports for both ends of the tube, terminals on both ends of the tube in contact with the fuse element and with the supports to form electrical connection therewith. a cup adjacent to one end of the tube, a directing shield enclodng the cup on all sides except the outer portion for the escape oi' the gases and name evolved upon fuse rupture. and a metal 'screen for closing the said outer portion of the shield. j

' 7. A fuse having open-end terminals and a fuse element connected vin circuit therewith. a 7g stopping device adjacent to the lower terminal, in spaced relation thereto and having deionizing perforations therein, a shield enclosing the stopping device, deionizing means'ior closing the said shield and a safety cap for enclosing the upper Y terminal.

8. An expulsion fuseI open at its lower end and having a fuse element associated therewith, a catching device adjacent to the opening and in m'the path of the metal and gases expelled when the fuse is ruptured, a shield enclosing the catch- A ing device and open at its lower end, and a nameremoving structure associated with the last said opening. i 9. An expulsion fuse open at one end, a fusible element, a catching device adjacent the opening and in the path of thel metal and gases expelled upon fuse rupture, said device having deionizing openings in its sides. 10. An expulsion fuse open at one end, a fusible element, a catching device adiac'ent to the opening and in the path of the metal and gases expelled upon fuse rupture, and'a shield enclosing the catching device and open at one 26 o1 its sides.

v11. The combination with an electrical fuse having terminals at its ends, a supporting structure for the fuse, and a metal barrier between the ends of the tube to direct the gases away 30 from the region between the terminals and. to cool and deionize the gases in contact therewith. 12. An expulsion-type fuse including atube having a fusible element therein, supports for the tube in contact with the iuse element and with the supports to form electrical connection therewith, a releasable cover for one .end ci? the tube and a metal cup adjacent to an end of the tube in spaced relation with the said n cover for receiving said end cover upon fuse rupture.

13. An expulsion-type fuse including a tubo having a fusible element therein, supports for the tube in contact with the fuse element and with the supports to form electrical connection therewith, a releasable cover for each end ci in spaced relation with the covers. 4

14. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fuse element therein, a- .cup-shaped member disposed adjacent one end of the tube said cup being spaced from the end of the tube to permit the escape of gases therebetween, a metal shield or deector for deecting said escaping gases from the opposite end of the tube, and a screen through which said escaping gases must pass for cooling and deionizing the same.

l5. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fuse element therein, a cup'adiacent one end of the tube for catching metal particles upon i'userupture, said cup being spaced4 from the end oi' the tube to permit the escape of expelled gases therebetween, and a shield enclosing the cup and'directing said expelled gases away fromthe opposite end of the tube.

16. An expulsion-type fuse including a tube having a fuse element therein, a cup adjacent 70 one end of the tube for catching metal particles cacao both ends ci' the tube, terminals on both ends of both ends of the tube, terminals on both ends of thetube and a metal cup adjacent to each end for catching metal particles upon fuse ruptin'e,y

, upon fuse rupture, said cup being spaced from `cup and directing said expelled gases away from the opposite end of the tube, and a screen Vintermediate the cup andthe shield for cooling and deionizing said expelled gases.

18. A high voitage expulsion air fuse comprising a tube. having terminais at its ends and open -at one end, a fuse elementin said tube, means for catching metal particles and Vfor defiecting the gases expeiied upon fuse rupture, said means comprising a cup-shapedzmember disposed adjacent said open end in. spaced relation 'thereto and in the path of the metai and enpeiled gases, and deectihg means adiacent said open end for de fleeting amd expelled gases away from the region between the terminals to prevent arcing between said terminals.,

i9. .e high voitage expulsion air fuse, compris ing a tube open at one end, a fuse element in said tubefand means for catching and retaining metai inse particles and for iateraiiy delecting the gases expeiied upon rupture, said means comprising a cup-shaped member disposed adiacent said open end in spaced reiation thereto and in the path of the incisi. 'bestioles and espeiiec gases.

2li. In a inse, an mediating tube, contact means mounted on seid tube adjacent each end thereof, a fuse eiement in said tube connected between said contact means onthe tube, one end ci 'the tube having a seat with a cover member release ably secured thereto, said cover member normaiiy closing the end ci the tube and being movahie away from its seat when pressure is built up in the tube duc to rupture oi? the inse link to permit an expuisicn action out end ot the tube, a chamber mounted on the end oi the tube having the removable cover, and means in said chamber for stopping the movement of said cover after it has moved away trom its seat a certain distance.

2l. In aifuse, an insuiating tube, contact means mounted on said tube amaca-.nt each end thereof. a fuse eiement in said tube connected between said contact means on the tube, one end oi the tube having a seat with a cover member releasably securedthcretc, said cover member normally closing the end of the tube and being movable away from its seat when pressure is built up in the tube due to rupture of the fuse link to permit van expulsion action out the end oi the tube, a

chamber mounted on the end ci the tube having the removable cover, means in said chamber for stopping the movement o! said cover after it has moved away from its seat a certain distance, and means in said chamber providing a large area of surface for cooling and deionizing the gases expelled from the tube.

GEORGE B. MANGAN. 

